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Fig. 9. "The Politics and Poetry of New England," photograph of Charles Sumner and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow by Alexander Gardner, 1863. Fig. 10. A detail from "Argument of the Chivalry," by Winslow Homer, printed by John H. Buford, Boston, 1856. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS (BOTH) condition; so that if the doors were finished according to them, I fear they would not come up to his great fame, or sustain the competition of the careful works of other artists, and if the sketches were completed by another hand, then the work would in great measure cease to be Crawford's. His well-filled studio testified to his active, brilliant career. To me it was full of peculiar interest. It was just twenty years before that I found him poor, struggling on three hundred dollars a year, but showing the genius that has since born such fruit. Then, I predicted that if I ever came December 2, 1863. There was little fanfare or celebration. again to Rome I should find him living in a palace,—in a palace, The war raged on. but not living, alas."34 In the years after Crawford's death, Sumner was a vocal and Crawford never saw the Statue of Freedom that we can see persistent voice for the freeing of the slaves. When Lincoln signed today. After a rough voyage across the sea, with emergency stops the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, he promised in Gibraltar and Bermuda, docking in New York City, the plaster Sumner the signing pen (fig. 11).35 One hopes that Louisa with their four children were able to cast was shipped to Washington. The work on the Dome was nearing completion. The statue was cast in bronze at see the finished Capitol. When Crawford died, Annie was eleven, Jeannie was ten, Mary the foundry of Clark was six, and Francis Mills, which had (Frankie) was only continued working three years old. All throughout the Civil went on to lead interWar. Philip Reid, an esting lives; Francis enslaved worker at became the bestselling the foundry, disasauthor Francis Marion sembled the plaster Crawford and Mary cast and tended the wrote memoirs and fires for the bronze novels under her casting. The final Fig. 11. The pen President Abraham Lincoln used to sign the Emancipation married name of section of the statue Proclamation was given to Charles Sumner to pass along to Massachusetts Mrs. Hugh Fraser. was placed on top abolitionist George Livermore. MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL SOCIETY Crawford's sculpof the Dome on 22 THE CAPITOL DOME SUMMER 2013