Issue link: http://www.e-digitaleditions.com/i/601962
of how history and legal principles can be mutually illuminating. Finally, Clay Risen (New York Times) ended the symposium with "The Civil War at 100, the Civil War at 150: Commemoration, Identity and the Changing Shape of National Memory." Risen brought a journalist's first- person perception to speculating on the differences—in tone and substance—between the Civil War's centen- nial and sesquicentennial, and what they might teach us about the state of American society at the time those anniversaries were observed. The pressures and prom- ise of change in the early 1960s demanded a national consensus lacking in the relatively decentralized narra- tives being offered up as the Civil War's legacy/legacies today. The 2015 symposium was made possible by a grant from American Express. Looking ahead, mark the first week of May 2016 in your cal- endar—USCHS is plan- ning a symposium that explores the history of immigration policy in the United States up to the passage of the Simpson-Mazzoli Act, or the Immigration Reform and Control Act, in 1986. (Spring Symposium Focuses on Aftermath of Civil War, Con'd) Brett Loper from American Express, which gave a grant in support of the symposium Clay Risen Jenny Bourne with one of her famous charts The U.S. Capitol Historical Society is delighted to co-sponsor the upcoming Garfield Symposium 2015: Garfield in Washington with the Friends of James A. Garfield National Historic Site and the James A. Garfield National Historic Site. The conference will be held November 6 and 7 in Mentor and Kirtland, OH. Learn more at the Friends website or visit our website to access pdfs with more information about this gathering for historians, students of history, and teachers as well as a writing contest for undergraduate students. This year's theme is "Garfield in Washington;" the conference will examine many facets of the life and times of James A. Garfield during his tenure in Washington from 1863-1881. Symposium attendees will have the opportunity to learn about Garfield's time in Congress, his rise to the presidency, and its aftermath, as well as what life was like for the Garfield family in the nation's capital. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS President James Garfield Paul Finkelman 3