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32 October 2018 Tablets & Capsules 19. C. Hauf and R. Kniep," Preparation of various tita- nium sub oxide powders by reduction of TiO2 with sili- con," Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 34, pp. 1,287- 1,292, (1999). 20. Min Li et al., "The Influence of the Bulk Reduction State on the Surface Structure and Morphology of Rutile TiO2(110) Single Crystals," J. Phys. Chem. B, Vol. 104, pp. 4,944-4,950, (2000). 21. T. Gruenwald and G. Gordon, "Oxygen diffusion in single crystals of Titanium Dioxide," J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., Vol. 33, pp. 1,151-1,155, (1971). 22. K. Hoshino et al., "Diffusion and Point Defects in TiO2-x," J. Phys. Chem. Solid., Vol. 46, pp. 1,397-1,411, (1985). 23. P. Dennis and R. Freer, "Oxygen self-diffusion in Rutile under hydrothermal conditions," Journal of Material Science, Vol. 28, pp. 4,804-4,810, (1993). 24. J. Nowotny et al., "Chemical diffusion in metal oxides. Example of TiO2," Ionics, Vol. 12, pp. 227-243, (2006). 25. M. 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Preparation and long-term stability," McDonnell Douglas Research Laboratories Report, (1990). 32. M. Chase, "NIST-JANAF Thermochemical Tables," Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, (1998). Igor Murokh develops customized plasma-treatment and laser-marking systems for the aerospace, medical-device manu- facturing, and pharmaceutical industries at Tri-Star Technol- ogies (310 536 1303, www.tri-star-technologies.com). He has been with the company since 1994 and has authored six US patents. He holds a PhD in thermophysics and molecular physics from the A.V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Insti- tute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Therefore, only light-colored products can be legibly imprinted. Despite this limitation, UV lasing of TiO 2 - pigmented tablets and capsules can be a significant step toward implementing user- and environmentally friendly, clean, precise, reliable, and permanent laser-marking tech- nology in the pharmaceutical industry. 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