Issue link: https://www.e-digitaleditions.com/i/1132978
24 I ICT TODAY Delay The delay component aims to slow down an active incursion, forcing the perpetrator to reconsider the probability of success and to provide enough time for security forces to respond. When applying both the deter and delay elements, the delineation between the two can become unclear. Where barriers, such as fences, walls, grilles, bars, build- ings and other structures, are employed to establish the perimeter boundary to satisfy the deter methodology, this same functional criterion can be applied in the delay methodology. Additional physical protection methods, such as razor or barbed wire protection, should be considered to enhance the delay element of the 5D design (Figure 4). Surveillance cameras can also be deployed inside the delay perimeter to provide situational awareness and to measure the effectiveness of the delay countermeasures employed. Defend The defend component of 5D design for perimeter security is directly related to the quick response of the security forces protecting the facility. For the defend methodology to be completely effective, however, strict adherence to the design elements discussed under the deter and detect methodologies is required. FIGURE 4: To delay an active incursion, protection methods such as razor or barbed wire protection should be considered. Placement of surveillance cameras inside the delay perimeter can provide situational awareness and a means with which to measure the effectiveness of the delay countermeasures employed. for the highest level of efficacy for the defend method- ology and can enable security forces to carry out the most efficient operational plans for perimeter defense. APPLYING THE SECURITY-IN-DEPTH MODEL AT AIRPORTS The greatest challenge in designing and implementing perimeter security measures based on the security-in- depth strategy lies in the very nature of the assets being protected and the potential threats facing those assets. According to standards set forth by the Recommended Security Guidelines for Airport Planning, Design, and Construction, issued by the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), "Perimeter protection (e.g., fences, gates, patrols) is considered the first line of defense in protecting against incursions, thus providing physical security for personnel, property, and information at an airport facility." The airside area (Figure 5) of an airport usually encom- passes a complex and integrated system of pavements (i.e., runways, taxiways, aircraft aprons), lighting, commercial operations, flight instrumentation and navigational aids, ground and air traffic control, cargo operations, and other associated activities that support the operation of an airport where access is strictly controlled. Typically, the airside or secure side Specifically, any lighting and detection systems deployed in order to satisfy deter and detect objectives must be optimized to achieve the highest possible effectiveness. Proper illumination and the deployment of surveillance cameras play a large part to ensure that responding forces are provided with the highest level of situational aware- ness before and during an event response. Any detection systems employed must incorporate designs that minimize invalid or nuisance alarm alerts that result from acoustical, environmental, or non- human interactions. Proper application of the deter, detect, and delay elements provides the foundation