April/May/June 2021 I 43
CONNECTING WIRELESSLY—PHASE 3
The automated control systems on autonomous vehicles
are inherently dependent on current information about
the roadway environment in which they are traveling
(Figure 13).
Wireless communication to self-driving cars
is provided through a network of roadside unit (RSU)
radios that support the Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I)
communications as well as Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and
Vehicle-to-Anything (V2X). The V2I is an increasingly
complex system of hardware, software, and firmware
on both the vehicle through the on board unit (OBU) and
the RSU. Together, these provide a wireless bi-directional
exchange of communication between the vehicle and
the infrastructure.
The wireless connectivity to vehicle traffic on US33
was provided through a network of 61 poles installed
as Phase 3 along the shoulder of US33 with RSUs mounted
FIGURE 13: Examples of communication networks.
Vehicle-to-Pedestrian
(V2P)
e.g. pedestrian in
walkway ahead
Vehicle-to-Network
(V2N)
e.g. traffic queue
3.1 miles ahead
Vehicle-to-Infrastructure
(V2I)
e.g. traffic signal ahead
turning red
Vehicle-to-Vehicle
(V2V)
e.g. emergency
vehicle approaching
25 feet (8 m) above the road surface. Wireless connectivity
for local traffic in Dublin and Marysville was provided
through 33 RSUs mounted on existing infrastructure
at signalized intersections.
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