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An ECG detects heart problems such as arrhythmias (AV block
and atrium fibrillation), heart defects, heart inflammation, cardiac
arrest, and inadequate blood supply.
When carrying out a 3-lead ECG, apply gel to the area where
placing the three ECG electrodes to gain better contact with the
skin. The electrodes are usually placed on the left jugular vein, on
the sternum, and above the left elbow.
TIP 1 An easy trick to remember these electrode
positions are:
Red = Blood running through veins.
Place red electrode on the left jugular vein.
Black = Shadow under the head which sees little
sunlight. Place black electrode on the sternum.
White = Light which shines on the front legs.
Place white electrode above the left elbow.
The most commonly encountered heart problem in horses are
arrhythmias, especially AV blocks, due to their large heart size.
For example, in case of hyperpotassaemia (hyperkalemia),
changes in the P and T wave can be noted before a cardiac
arrest takes place, and successful interventions can be
quickly initiated. And in the case of electrolyte imbalance with
hyperkalemia (for example a foal with a bladder rupture), it
is important to closely monitor and note changes in the ECG
waveform, to allow for immediate intervention when these
potentially dangerous abnormalities arise.
TIP 2 To get a more detailed view of the ECG, some
multiparameter monitors can drop to a 2-lead display, which
makes the detection of irregularities and changes in the
P-QRS-T complexes easier to identify, hence increasing the
efficacy of interventions.
Red electrode placed on jugular vein.
Black electrode placed on sternum.
White electrode placed above left elbow
Electrocardiogram – ECG
Equine anesthesia tips
