Inhalation

INH0423

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Inhalation April 2023 29 References 1. US Pharmacopeial Convention. United States Pharmacopeia 41/National Formulary 36 1S. 2021. Chapter <601>, Aerosols, Nasal Sprays, Metered- Dose Inhalers and Dry Powder Inhalers, USP, Rock- ville, MD, US. 2. European Directorate for Quality in Medicines and Healthcare (EDQM). 2023. European pharma- copoeia 11.0, monograph 2.9.18. Preparations for inhalation: Aerodynamic assessment of fine particles. EDQM, Strasbourg, France. 3. Levy, M. L., Carroll, W., Izquierdo-Alonso, J. L., Keller, C., Lavorini, F., Lehtimäki, L., Understanding dry powder inhalers: Key technical and patient pref- erence attributes, Adv. er., 36, 2547-2557 (2019). 4. Clark, A. R., Hollingworth, A. M., e relation- ship between powder inhaler resistance and peak inspiratory conditions in healthy volunteers: Impli- cations for in vitro testing, J. Aerosol Med., 6(2), 99-110 (1993). 5. Baker, R. C., Fluid Mechanics Handbook, Cam- bridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2000. 6. Greguletz, R., Andersson, P. U., Cooper, A., Chambers, F., Copley, M. A., Daniels, G., Hamil- ton, M., Hammond, M., Mohammed, H., Roberts, D. L., Shelton, C., Versteeg, H. K., Mitchell, J.P., A cross-industry assessment of the flow rate-time pro- files of test equipment typically used for dry-powder inhaler (DPI) testing: Part 1 – Compendial appa- ratuses, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 54(12), 1424-1447 (2020). 7. Roberts, D. L., Pressure drop characteristics of the reduced NGI™ configuration with several common glass-fiber filters, J. Aerosol Med. Pulmon. Drug Del., https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/jamp. 2022.0070 (2023). 8. Copley Scientific Ltd., Nottingham, UK; Semi- automation for DDU testing, https://www.copley scientific.com/inhaler-testing/semi-automation/ semi-automation-for-ddu-testing/dusa-shaker/. 9. Versteeg, H. K., Roberts, D. L., Chambers, F., Cooper, A., Copley, M., Mitchell, J. P., Mohammed, H., A cross-industry assessment of the flow rate- elapsed time profiles of test equipment typically used for dry-powder inhaler (DPI) testing: Part 2 – Anal- ysis of transient air flow in the testing of DPIs with compendial cascade impactors, Aerosol Sci. Tech- nol., 54, 1448-1470 (2020). 10. Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, US; Define and solve a problem using Solver. https:// support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/define-and- solve-a-problem-by-using-solver-5d1a388f-079d- 43ac-a7eb-f63e45925040. 11. Engineering ToolBox, (2003), Atmospheric pressure vs. elevation above sea level, https://www. engineeringtoolbox.com/air-altitude-pressure- d_462.html. Daryl L. Roberts, PhD, (corresponding author) is President of Applied Particle Principles, LLC, 17347 Westham Estates Court, Hamilton, VA, 20158, US, Tel.: +1 612 845-3293, droberts@particleprinciples. com, www.particleprinciples.com. Jolyon P. Mitchell, PhD, is President of Jolyon Mitchell Inhaler Consult- ing Services, Inc., London, Ontario, Canada. Tel.: +1 519 472-5364, mitchelljolyon@gmail.com.

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