Machinery Lubrication magazine published by Noria Corporation
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same time, I fought to keep it simple and intuitive. e following describes what I attempted to encap- sulate in my graphic: Different Machine Types and Applications — In addition to the large number of machine types and applica- tions, there are also different operating factors (speeds, loads, temperature, etc.). Ranked Failure Modes — e Pareto Principle is a method that has been used to illustrate and rank failure modes. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Root Cause Analysis (RCA) methods are also widely applied to better understand failure modes specific to the machine and its application. By ranking them, failure modes are put in proper order based on frequency and destructive potential. D e t e c t a ble Fa i lu r e Signals — During failure, different failure signals are transmitted. ese can relate to the root cause, the effect (symptom) or both. Root causes could be mechanical looseness, misalignment, lubricant starvation, contam- ination, etc.; symptoms could be vibration, acoustic, heat, wear debris and operating malfunctions. These are the signals that condition monitoring seeks to detect and interpret. Time Domain to Failure — A transmitted signal varies in strength (amplitude) in the time domain. e time domain starts at 100% remaining useful life (RUL) and ends at zero (functional failure). Weak signals are harder to detect and discern. Strong signals are often too advanced, being associated with limited RUL of the machine. Early detection is what condition monitoring seeks to achieve, but it is also the most challenging for the condition monitoring analyst to achieve. C ond it ion Mon itor i ng Detection Methods — The technologies and methods of detection give asset owners nu merou s opt ion s. Opt i- mizing the selection and use of these methods is the name of the game. Knowing how one method measures up to others is difficult for people new to the field. The CAM graphs are particularly useful in that regard. The table in Figure 1 compares conventional graphic methods (on the left) with target factors or variables (shown in the columns to the right). Only the CAM graphic shows comprehen- sive visual integration. Structure of the CAM Graphic Figure 2 shows the basic structure of the CAM graphic using mechanical looseness as a single failure mode. e graph is basically a semicircle with the central point representing the proactive domain (PaD). is central point represents 100% RUL . Failure inception (I) occurs in the proactive domain. If the problem is not quickly detected and removed, failure will progress in an outward direction to the first ring. Each successive ring in the predic- tive domain (PdD) after 80% reduces the RUL by 50% until functional failure (F) is reached (the final outward ring). e colored spikes refer to condition monitoring methods and the failure signals they can (potentially) detect. Going ML GROUP PUBLISHER Brett O'Kelley - bokelley@noria.com EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Jim Fitch - jfitch@noria.com CREATIVE LEAD Patrick Clark - pclark@noria.com MANAGING EDITOR Hayden Beeson - hbeeson@noria.com EDITORS Nick Holder - nholder@noria.com Marissa Menge - mmenge@noria.com Kate Perryman - kperryman@noria.com Josh Couch - jcouch@noria.com Breanna Moll - bmoll@noria.com TECHNICAL WRITERS Wes Cash - wcash@noria.com Bennett Fitch - bfitch@noria.com Paul Farless - pfarless@noria.com Travis Richardson - trichardson@noria.com Jeremie Edwards - jedwards@noria.com GRAPHIC ARTIST Matt Berkenbile - mberkenbile@noria.com ADVERTISING SALES Brett O'Kelley - bokelley@noria.com MEDIA PRODUCTION COORDINATOR Sheryl Adekoya - sadekoya@noria.com CORRESPONDENCE You may address articles, case studies, special requests and other correspondence to: Editor MACHINERY LUBRICATION Noria Corporation 1328 E. 43rd Court • Tulsa, Oklahoma 74105 Phone: 918-749-1400 Fax: 918-746-0925 Email address: editor@noria.com MACHINERY LUBRICATION Volume 26 - Issue 2 March-April 2022 ( USPS 021-695) is published bimonthly by Noria Corporation, 1328 E. 43rd Court, Tulsa, OK 74105-4124. 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