Inhalation

INH0822

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CFD modeling for product development requires knowledge of the capabilities of state-of-the-art software and the adoption of a well-controlled simulation workflow. This article will review previous work in this area, illuminating CFD capabilities and the processes and considerations required to create a trusted, useful, predictive simulation to support the product development process. 10 August 2022 Inhalation Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for pharmaceutical aerosol device development: Simulations and processes to facilitate success CFD modeling for product development requires knowledge of the capabilities of state-of-the-art software and the adoption of a well-controlled simulation workflow. Joseph Camm, PhD University of Liverpool Context Within pharmaceutical aerosol product develop- ment and research, usage and awareness of compu- tational fluid dynamics (CFD) and other predictive numerical simulation tools are increasing. Simula- tion, prediction and visualization of fluid flow and aerosol behavior have been performed for all stages of the drug delivery process, from inside an inhaler [1] to particle deposition in the lungs [2]. Increased confidence in predictive modeling processes could significantly reduce product development time by facilitating the design and investigative process for devices and formulations. is could drive deploy- ment of CFD within the orally inhaled and nasal drug product (OINDP) sector in the coming years, for example, aiding the transition to propellants with lower global warming potential [3]. is article will review previous work in this area, illuminating CFD capabilities and the processes and considerations required to create a trusted, useful, predictive simulation to support the product devel- opment process. Predictive simulation Predictive engineering simulation is well estab- lished in various industries, (such as automobile product development [4] or design of mechanical equipment [5]) and well accepted, due to exten- sive validation. ere have, however, been barriers to uptake within the OINDP industry, not least the complexity of the physical processes to be mod- eled. is is despite the success in modeling both pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDIs) and dry powder inhalers (DPIs) some 20 years ago [6, 7]. Modeling was discussed in Inhalation in 2008 [8] and 2015 [9], in articles that remain relevant read- ing for those looking to build a simulation of their product or to develop CFD workflows. While physical testing and verification remain cen- tral to product development, approval and manufac- ture, the use of a multi-dimensional simulation tool offers possibilities prior to physical tests, including: • testing of unconventional design ideas and hypotheses; • insight into the complex fluid dynamics within a device, to better understand its performance; • rapid performance of parametric design and opti- mization studies to reduce parameter space before physical testing; • benchmarking of competitor products.

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