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46 / January 2020 powderbulk.com These findings underline the relevance and value of DFF measurement as a technique for real-time powder process monitoring. PBE References 1. A.S. Narang, "Process analytical technology for high shear wet granulation: Wet mass consistency reported by in-line drag flow force sensor is consistent with powder rheology by at-line FT4 powder rheometer," Journal of Pharmaceuti- cal Sciences, January 2016, pages 185-187. 2. J. Clayton, "Reviewing current practice in powder testing," Organics Process Research & Development, Vol. 19, No. 1, pages 102-109. For further reading Find more information on this topic in articles listed under "Mixing and blending" in Powder and Bulk Engi- neering's article index in the December 2019 issue or the article archive on PBE's website, www.powderbulk.com. John Yin (john.yin@freemantech.co.uk, 718-358-2058) is the US product manager for Freeman Technology and provides comprehensive support and education for new and existing users of Freeman's technology. John regu- larly presents at conferences and workshops throughout the US on the subject of powder rheology, helping industry and academia to further understand powder behavior. John earned a bachelor's degree in engineer- ing chemistry from Stony Brook University in 2001. Freeman Technology Tewkesbury, England 732-829-8345 www.freemantech.co.uk Dr. Valery Sheverev (sheverev@lenterra.com, 973-623-0755) is the president of Lenterra Inc. Valery founded Lenterra in 2003 to commercialize opto-mechanical analytical technologies that he pio- neered. Over his scientific career, Valery has worked in areas of optical spectroscopy, plasma aerodynamics, and micro-optical sensing. Valery received his PhD in physics from Saint-Petersburg State University in 1985. Lenterra Newark, NJ 973-623-0755 www.lenterra.com In conclusion Inline bulk powder characterization technology can play an important role in supporting the optimization of mixing and blending processes. Real-time monitor- ing of these processes enables precise detection of the point at which homogeneity is reached, offering oppor- tunities to eliminate the inefficiencies and economic penalties associated with overmixing. The data presented in this article illustrates the potential of DFF measurements within this context, highlighting the technique's suitability for moni- toring dry powder blending and wet mass mixing processes. DFF sensors are robust instruments capable of detecting small differences in the properties of process materials with a high degree of sensitivity. These results show the sensor's ability to identify different phases of a mixing process and detect the point at which a blend becomes homogeneous. The agreement between FPM and offline potentiometric titration measurements points to the inline measure- ment technique's suitability for transferring established offline specification measurements into the process environment, as illustrated by the reported correlations between DFF data and dynamic powder properties.